Page 61 - Portuguese Journal - SPORL - Vol 61. Nº1

Local allergic rhinitis: Diagnosis and

management protocol

Review Article

Authors Abstract

Aim: Propose a protocol for diagnosis and
Cláudia Santos management of Local Allergic Rhinitis.
Hospital Garcia de Orta, Portugal Material and Methods: Literature review of articles
published in english on PubMed database,
Filipa Ferreira between 2000 and 2021.
Hospital Garcia de Orta, Portugal
Results: Clinically Local Allergic Rhinitis
Ricardo São Pedro manifestations are similar to allergic rhinitis,
Hospital Garcia de Orta, Portugal however prick tests and specific-IgE serum levels
are negative. The diagnosis requires a positive
Carla André response during a Nasal Allergen Provocation Test.
Hospital Garcia de Orta, Portugal The therapeutic algorithm consists of allergen
avoidance measures and pharmacotherapy.
Mário Santos When these measures are insufficient to control
Hospital Garcia de Orta, Portugal symptoms, specific immunotherapy can be
administered to Local Allergic Rhinitis patients.
Luís Antunes Conclusions: Local Allergic Rhinitis is a new rhinitis
Hospital Garcia de Orta, Portugal
phenotype and is underdiagnosed, affecting a
significant proportion of patients diagnosed with
non-allergic rhinitis.
The implementation of Nasal Allergen Provocation
Test in rhinitis diagnostic algorithms is essential
for early recognition of Local Allergic Rhinitis and
management of the correct therapeutic approach.
Keywords: allergic rhinitis; local allergic rhinitis;
rhinitis diagnostic methods; rhinitis therapeutic
approaches.

Introduction
Rhinitis is an inflammation of the nasal
mucosa, which is associated with symptoms
such as nasal congestion, sneezing, rhinorrhea,
and nasal itching. Noninfectious rhinitis is
classified into allergic rhinitis (AR) and non-
allergic rhinitis (NAR) after considering the
clinical history, response to the skin prick tests
(SPT), and serum levels of immunoglobulin E
for specific inhaled allergens (sIgE) . 1
AR is the most common noninfectious rhinitis.
Correspondência: 1
Cláudia Santos However, NAR is also very prevalent .
claudia.20.santos@gmail.com Some European centers have suggested that
47% to 62.5% of patients with symptoms of
perennial or seasonal rhinitis have undetected
Article received on April 6, 2022.
Accepted for publication on November 3, 2022. specific serum IgE antibodies and negative

Volume 61 . Nº1 . March 2023 61