Page 24 - Portuguese Journal - SPORL - Vol 61. Nº1
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has a significant impact on the quality of life resolved at the time of the consultation.
of children as it compromises communication Demographic data, clinical history relative
as well as school and social life. Thus, pediatric to dysphonia, comorbidities, diagnoses,
6
dysphonia requires a timely approach to treatments, and laryngoscopy findings of the
achieve the correct etiological diagnosis, included patients were reviewed. The follow-
which needs to be based on the visualization up consultations were not considered for the
of the larynx. Currently, there are several recruitment of new cases but were used for
2,5
techniques available for the visualization of the the collection of data.
larynx. In the pediatric population evaluated in All consultations and laryngoscopy examina-
the voice clinic of the Dona Estefânia Hospital tions were performed by the same senior
(HDE), this is usually achieved using flexible otorhinolaryngologist.
video laryngoscopy, which can be performed Videolaringoscopy with FOL was performed
with a fiberoptic or distal-chip endoscope. using a 3.5-mm flexible fiberoptic naso-
Distal-chip endoscopes provide high- pharyngolaryngoscope coupled to a camera
resolution images and have the potential to head (Pentax, Corp Japan, Tokyo, Japan) under
improve the detection and diagnosis of small continuous light. Videolaryngoscopy with
VC lesions. Scholman et al. demonstrated DCL was performed with a 2.7-mm flexible
7,8
the superiority of this type of endoscope for nasopharyngolaryngoscope (XION GmbH,
the identification of a normal larynx and Berlin, Germany) under continuous light
premalignant/malignant laryngeal lesions, followed by stroboscopic light. All diagnoses
as well as the detection of changes in the used in the present study were established
laryngopharyngeal mucosa through video in the continuous light condition and were
images of the adult larynx. not altered by the subsequent exam under
7,8
A literature review did not yield any study stroboscopic light (in patients in which it was
that compared the use of the different types performed).
of video laryngoscopes in the pediatric These procedures were performed under
population. The objectives of the present topical anesthesia by applying in each
study were to describe the cases of pediatric nasal cavity 1 ml of a 1:1 mixture of 0.25%
dysphonia from the voice clinic of the HDE oxymetazoline solution and 1% lidocaine.
and determine the differences between the The statistical analysis of the data was
diagnoses made using a flexible fiberoptic performed using the IBM SPSS® Statistics 25
video laryngoscope (FOL) and flexible distal- software.
chip video laryngoscope (DCL). The nominal variables were expressed as
percentages, while the continuous variables
Materials and Methods (age at the time of the first evaluation) were
This retrospective study used the first expressed as means ± standard deviation,
consultation records of a consecutive cohort after confirmation of normality.
of patients who were evaluated at the voice The differences between the groups were
clinic of the HDE between September 2018 and explored using contingency tables and the
December 2021. This time interval included chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test in the
a period of 20 months before and after the case of nominal variables (when appropriate),
availability of DCL. A sample of 85 cases and Student’s t-test for independent
was obtained. Twelve cases were excluded, samples in the case of normally distributed
including eight patients who did not exhibit continuous variables. The comparison of the
dysphonia (seven had language impairments proportions of the dichotomous variables was
and one had velopharyngeal insufficiency) performed using the binomial test. The level
and four patients with self-limited acute of significance was set at 0.05.
dysphonia at the time of referral, which was
24 Portuguese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
