Page 92 - Revista Portuguesa - SPORL - Vol 60. Nº3

Table 1
Comparison of different characteristics between malignization and non-malignization groups;
GERD – Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Non-malignization (n=98) Malignization (n=15) p
Age mean ± SD 58,35 ± 12,893 60,80 ± 9,958 0,483
Gender n (%) 0,069
Male (n=93) 78 (83,9%) 15 (16,1%)
Female (n=20) 20 (100%) 0 (0%)
Tobacco consumption n (%) 1,000

Yes (n=84) 73 (86,9%) 11 (13,1%)
No (n=29) 25 (86,2%) 4 (13,2%)
Smoking Cessation n (%) 0,745
Yes (n=33) 28 (84,8%) 5 (15,2%)
No (n=51) 45 (88,2%) 6 (11,8%)
Alcohol Consumption n (%) 1,000
Yes (n=17) 15 (88,2%) 2 (11,8%)
No (n=96) 83 (86,5%) 13 (13,5%)
GERD n (%) 0,691
Yes (n=16) 15 (93,8%) 1 (6,3%)

No (n=97) 83 (85,6%) 14 (14,4%)
Initial Histology n (%) 0,017
No dysplasia (n=45) 42 (93,3%) 3 (6,7%)
Mild Dysplasia (n=37) 33 (89,2%) 4 (10,8%)
Moderate Dysplasia (n=15) 13 ( 86,7%) 2 (13,3%)
Severe Dysplasia (n=11) 8 (72,7%) 3 (27,3%)
Carcinoma in situ (n=5) 2 (40%) 3 (60%)

leucoplakia is associated with progression to of dysplasia was the only factor associated
SCC even in cases of benign lesions without with progression to SCC and there was no
dysplasia . The main objective of this study was association with age, gender, tobacco or
5
to assess possible risk factors associated with alcohol consumption, smoking cessation
progression to SCC in patients with benign or the presence of GERD. Male gender is
or pre-malignant vocal fold leucoplakia. The considered a risk factor for laryngeal cancer
median age of this population was 58,67 ± since this gender presents a higher prevalence
12,53 years old, 82,3 % of the patients were of tobacco and alcohol consumption and
male and 74,3% were smokers, similarly to some studies report a possible role for
what was previously reported by Lee et al . On sexual hormone receptors on laryngeal
7
the other hand, the prevalence of excessive carcinogenesis . As reported previously, we
8
alcohol consumption (15%) was inferior to what found no association of gender or age with
was expected and reported previously , which progression to carcinoma . On the other hand,
7
7
could be explained by an information bias due in a study with 1184 German patients with
to lack of information on digital clinical data. vocal fold leucoplakia there were significant
In patients with leucoplakia, the initial grade higher malignization rates in male patients

248 Revista Portuguesa de Otorrinolaringologia - Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço