Page 47 - Portuguese Journal - SPORL - Vol 61. Nº2

Table 1 Table 3
Characteristics of the patients included Tumor location

Characteristics n=19 Site of origin Number of patients (%)
Age (years) 66.7 (range 51-89) Nasal cavity 9 (47.4%)
Male (number and %) 11 (57.9%) Maxillary sinus 4 (21.1%)
Smokers (number and %) 10 (52.6%) Overlapping 3 (15.8%)
Alcoholic habits 6 (31.6%) Ethmoid sinus 1 (5.3%)
(number and %)
Frontal sinus 1 (5.3%)
Occupational risk factors
(number and %) 4 (21.1%) Sphenoid sinus 1 (5.3%)
History of previous tumors Table 4
(number and %) 2 (10.5%) TNM staging at presentation for epithelial
tumors and mucosal melanoma according to
the 8th edition of American Joint Committee
were nasal obstruction and epistaxis (both on Cancer (AJCC). For mucosal melanoma, all
present in 9 patients, 47.4%). The overall variety tumors are classified at least as T3.
of presenting symptoms is summarized in
table 2. In all patients (19, 100%), the sinonasal TNM staging Number of patients (%)
malignancy represented a primary tumour. T1 3 (21.4%)
The most common location was the nasal T3 5 (35.7%)
cavity (9 patients, 47.4%), followed by
T4a 2 (14.3%)
T4b 4 (28.6%)
Table 2 N+ 2 (14.3%)
Presenting symptoms

Clinical manifestation Number of patients (%) the tumours according to the World Health
Nasal obstruction 9 (47.4%) Organization is depicted in table 5. Epithelial
Epistaxis 9 (47.4%) malignancies were the most common (11
patients, 57.9%), followed by neuroectodermal
Facial swelling 3 (15.8%)
malignancies (5 patients, 26.3%) and soft tissue
Headache 3 (15.8%)
malignancies (3 patients, 15.8%). Squamous
Rhinorrhea 2 (10.5%) cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most common
Proptosis 2 (10.5%) histologic subtype (4 patients, 21.1%), followed
Hyposmia 1 (5.3%) by adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma
Incidental finding 1 (5.3%) and mucosal melanoma (each present in 3
patients, 15.8%). Transformation of inverted
papilloma into squamous cell carcinoma
maxillary sinus (4 patients, 21.1%) (table 3). occurred in 3 of 4 patients.
Staging for epithelial tumors of the nose and Of these patients, one was referred to our
paranasal sinuses and mucosal melanoma is hospital with a history of 2 previous surgeries
summarized in table 4. 30 years ago for nasal polyposis and inverted
Regarding the T component of the TNM papilloma diagnosed histologically and
staging classification, T3 was the most subsequent recurrence of a sinonasal mass, the
common at presentation (5 patients, 35.7%), other was referred after biopsy of a sinonasal
followed by T4b (4 patients, 28.6%). There mass compatible with inverted papilloma and
were 2 patients (14.3%) with nodal disease at subsequent partial excision of the mass with
presentation and no patient presented with pathological analysis showing an inverted
distant metastasis. Histologic classification of papilloma with areas of transformation into

Volume 61 . Nº2 . June 2023 189