Page 11 - Revista Portuguesa - SPORL - Vol 61. Nº4

Table 1
General description of the population´s characteristics.

Continuous
Categorical variables Frequency (%) Mean/Median (SD, IQR*)
variables
Sex (male) 40 Baseline characteristics
Previous treatment (according to Sousa Age at PRP injection (years) 44.6 ± 9.5
et al protocol (1)
Time from COVID-19
OT alone 10 diagnosis to first smell and 6.5 ± 4
a
taste consultation (months)
Time from first smell and
OT + topical nasal
a
corticosteroids 10 taste consultation to PRP 14 ± 6
injection (months)
OT + topical nasal Time from COVID-19
a
corticosteroids + oral 10 diagnosis to PRP injection 21 ± 7
multivitamin complex B (months)
OT + topical vitamin A 10 Baseline (pre-injection) measurements
a
+ E
OT + two separate
a
3-month tryouts of ≥ 2 60 OPT 4.36 ± 1.6
c
any of the above
Comorbidities VAS d 4.1 ± 1.8
Hypertension 5 Post-injection measurements p-value
(vs baseline)
Diabetes 0 1 month OPT 6.9 ± 2.6 0.012
Dyslipidemia 10 VAS 6.2 ± 1.1 0.025
Autoimmune disease 5 3 months OPT 7.2 ± 2.8 0.009
Obstructive sleep apnea 10 VAS 8 ± 1.2 0.005
Gastrointestinal 5 *: SD- Standard deviation; IQR- Interquartile range (25-75)
Previous neoplasia 5 a: Olfactory training – All patients were offered a domiciliary

Neurologic 5 olfactory training kit made of 1ml glass frasques with 4 different
Cardiac 0 fragrances: clove, eucalypt, lemon and rose; the patients were
Pulmonary b 10 instructed to inhale each fragrance for 15 seconds in each
Auto-immune 10 nostril, 3 times a day. Pamphlets with instructions were given to
Immunosuppression 10 the patients along with the olfactory training-kit.
Previous chemotherapy 5 b: includes asthma
c: Olfactory perception thresholds
Depression 25 d: Visual analogue scale
Complications
Vasovagal episode 1
Early or late epistaxis 0
requiring nasal packing

the OPT and VAS scores through the three up assessments (4.4 vs 6.9, respectively), but
measured time points (Figure 4). A repeated- this was not statistically significant (p = 0.152).
measures ANOVA determined that mean OPT However, the increase in OPT values did reach
values differed significantly across the three significance when comparing the baseline to
time points (F (2,8) = 10.262, p = 0.006). A post the 3-months follow-up assessment (4.4 vs 7.2,
hoc pairwise comparison using the Bonferroni p = 0.035). Therefore, results from the ANOVA
correction showed increased OPT values indicate a significant effect of PRP injection
between the baseline and 1 month follow- in olfactory function across time as measured

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